Solid Waste Management (SWM)

The West African coastline is home to major industries, mining activities, peri-urban and agro-industry, and tourism, as well as urban and seaside residences, all of which generate waste and cause pollution. Many areas along the coast also lack adequate wastewater and solid waste management systems. As a result, large volumes of untreated wastewater and solid waste are dumped into the open, polluting the land and water

In 2002, PPIAF supported the government of Ethiopia in the formulation of a strategy for private sector involvement in municipal solid waste management sector, including generation, collection, storage, transport, and disposal of waste. The findings were presented at four stakeholder workshops on private sector participation in the sector.

Along with economic growth and improved living standards, waste from households, industries, and commercial or service establishments is expected to increase rapidly over the next years. Managing this waste is a hard challenge for the Government of Vietnam because of its substantial cost and lack of awareness and participation of people and businesses. Wastes can be classified according to: their form (wastewater, solid waste); their origin (industrial wastes, agricultural wastes, urban (municipal) wastes); and their hazardous nature (non-hazardous or hazardous).

In 2016, the Government of Bulgaria (GoB) decided to initiate spending reviews (RS) to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of its spending in the context of a moderate fiscal consolidation process. Although Bulgaria has one of the lowest overall spending in the European Union (EU), spending outcomes lag those of other EU member states. In the case of waste management, Bulgaria spends the most among comparable EU countries, but outcomes could be significantly improved.

Within the framework of environmental sustainability and the processes of urbanization, privatization and decentralization, the integral management of urban solid waste is today a concern of singular importance due to its direct and indirect impacts, some of them irreversible and permanent, both on the environment (air, water, land, landscape) and the health of the population.

To achieve an adequate management of hazardous waste, it must be taken into account that the environmental management of waste has multiple aspects and cannot be approached exclusively from a technical and environmental point of view, but will have to consider the social and economic dimension, as well as the factors of current waste management, the diversity of actors involved and the wide variety of types of waste that comprise it. Waste management systems must be viewed as dynamic systems, evolving with the incorporation of continuous improvements.

This guide aims at establishing national policies and strategies for concrete actions at the local level. The objective is to improve the operating system for the management of urban solid waste, which is the responsibility of local governments. It is the faculty of each municipality, within its territorial jurisdiction, to ensure the provision of efficient public cleaning services to all its inhabitants, protecting human health and avoiding procedures and methods that may affect the environment.

The management of hazardous waste is a fundamental part of the proper management of waste in general, which allows to prevent risks to human health and the environment. In the first instance, it is necessary to know which are these dangerous wastes that are generated, as well as their classification. Subsequently, the amounts that are generated in the country to adopt prevention, minimization measures and incentivize the infrastructure to manage these and, finally, what adverse effects they can cause to health in work areas.