Promoting waste prevention, reuse, recycling, and material and energy recovery
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Solid Waste Management
Solid waste management (SWM) is a major environment and health hazard in the urban areas of Pakistan. The World Bank is of the opinion that as cities economies are fast growing, business activity and consumption patterns are driving up solid waste quantities. In Pakistan the collection of waste is sporadic and the disposal is poor.
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This report synthesis the findings for the waste sector of a broader study, the Brazil low carbon study, which was undertaken by the World Bank in its initiative to support Brazil's integrated effort towards reducing national and global emissions of Greenhouse Gases (GHG) while promoting long term development. The purpose of the present report is to assist in the preparation of public policy proposals regarding GHG emissions and the additional financial resources necessary.
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The European Union (EU) sets the policy framework for municipal solid waste management that drives reform initiatives in new EU member states and candidate countries. The EU policies, implementation targets, and grant funding establish the enabling environment that transforms the solid waste management sector in Bulgaria, Croatia, Poland, and Romania. The EU directives guide member states towards agreed targets without prescribing in detail how specific measures should be implemented.
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Municipal solid waste management continues to be a major challenge for local governments in both urban and rural areas across the world, and one of the key issues is their financial constraints. Recently an economic analysis was conducted in Eryuan, a poor county located in Yunnan Province of China, where willingness to pay for an improved solid waste collection and treatment service was estimated and compared with the project cost.
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Municipal solid waste (MSW) management system is one of the key components of a country's overall environmental and resource efficiency framework. Inefficient MSW treatment in Russia today is causing negative environmental impact, and results in suboptimal use of raw materials and energy. If Russia optimized its MSW management policy and implemented modern technologies, by 2025 it could fully shift towards environmentally friendly MSW management system and recover up to 45% of waste.
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Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) launched by Government of India has been the cornerstone of a decentralized, incentive based approach to achieve rural sanitation objectives. The scheme has developed strategic components to ensure coverage of sanitation facilities through financial and programmatic support for households, and for institutional and community sanitation. Construction of toilets needs to be complemented with mechanisms of waste handling to ensure a safe and hygienic environment in the rural areas.
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The report is to demonstrate the potential of the waste-recycling sector and offer recommendations for how it can improve. The study considers the institutional and economic mechanisms that would help realize improvements in the most efficient manner. The target audience of the study consists of federal and regional government agencies that make policy and administer Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management sites.
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The social issues involved in solid waste management (SWM) projects are oftentimes complex and city specific; solutions require a solid understanding of technical, social and cultural issues. Understanding the social dimensions of a solid waste project is a crucial element of the long-term sustainability of the project.
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In this issue on waste public-private partnerships (PPPs), experts, entrepreneurs, and activists share innovations that can guide government officials toward effective solid waste management strategies; and contributors present a range of solutions and technologies that can be tailored to cities around the world, with special attention focused on approaches that will work in developing countries.
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With rapid urbanization, population growth, and new economic activity, municipal solid waste is increasing at alarming rates, and is expected to almost triple in low and lower middle income countries by 2025. At the same time, solid waste management (SWM) systems in most developing countries are underfunded and suffer from a lack of planning. Improving SWM requires intervention all along the supply chain. Such improvements do not necessarily require major financial investment.